By looking at the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, we are able to see how certain aspects were affected by the geography, how the geography was affected by the bombings, and how warfare transformed because of it. The US military selected five possible targets for atomic bomb attacks based on various criteria, including importance of military and morale effect. On August 6, 1945, the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Three days later, Kokura was the target of another attack, but cloud cover saved the city and made Nagasaki the recipient of the only other nuclear attack in history. The geographic landscape was changed after the bombings in a few ways. First is by the physical and cosmetic damage by wiping out the skyline and buildings. Second, the radiation that lingered in the soil for years after and how the radiation was able to be transmitted by the rain, wind and weather. Finally, it was changed by the rebuilding of the cities. Over a half century later, the skylines in the cities are magnificent and almost a complete turn into a new Japan. One of the biggest military geographic changes, however, was the transition from mass ammunition bombing to technology that would allow for detonation prior to impact. Likewise, the introduction of nuclear bombs as a weapon in war was immense. In any conflict today, nuclear weapons can be present as part of a country’s arsenal. For better or worse, the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki helped transform the generation of warfare to include nuclear weapons as a key strategic weapon in 4th generation warfare.